Lying, secrecy, or concealment before or during the relationship conflict.

Financial pressure, exploitation, or dependency affecting the relationship.

Specific dissatisfaction within a marriage, explained through the narrated circumstances.

Language or behavior reducing the victim's worth or moral standing.

A pattern of domination, restriction, intimidation, or enforced dependency.

Repeated degrading, threatening, manipulative, or emotionally harmful conduct.

Reported fear or perception of danger, harm, exposure, or loss.

A victim, survivor, witness, or other affected person reportedly sought safety or support, disclosed abuse or danger, or contacted trusted people, services, or authorities.

Aggression used deliberately to achieve another objective.

Distress or hostility associated with a perceived relationship rival or loss.