A pattern of domination, restriction, intimidation, or enforced dependency.

Lying, secrecy, or concealment before or during the relationship conflict.

Conflict involving broader family roles, loyalties, pressure, or household dynamics.

Reported fear or perception of danger, harm, exposure, or loss.

A victim, survivor, witness, or other affected person reportedly sought safety or support, disclosed abuse or danger, or contacted trusted people, services, or authorities.

Reported violence or threats preceding the focal incident.

Persistent focus on a person, grievance, threat, or relationship problem.

Contextual conditions that reportedly increased exposure to harm or reduced options.

Attempts to alter the apparent scene, hide evidence, or misdirect investigators.